要，不要「呢」？疑問句構與篇章功能的互動

Ne, Need It or Not: Interface of Interrogation and Discourse Function

本篇文章主要探討疑問句構與「呢」篇章功能之間的互相關係：從構式語法的概念出發，並藉由信息結構以及關聯理論分析「呢」的省略性。本文利用《中研院平衡語料庫4.0》搜出其中屬於疑問句用法的「呢」有4,914筆，再細分為三種疑問句構：選擇問句、疑問詞問句、短語問句。本研究發現在句構方面，若疑問句已包含疑問詞或是選擇性字詞，因為訊息已乘載於這些元素當中，則「呢」可以省略不出現；而「呢」的出現，除了語氣緩和，本文認為這同時也帶有要求聽話者主動參與對話的功能。而在短語問句中，「呢」的出現是必要的，因為句構中所包含的訊息量不足，於是「呢」便承載了大部分的疑問，並且它的必要性也是為了建立上下文的關聯性，以確保訊息的完整。

This paper focuses on the sentence final particle ne in an interrogative structure. Using the Constructionist Approaches, the Information Structure and the Relevance Theory, we investigate the interaction between syntactic construction and discourse function of ne. With the ''Sinica Corpus 4.0'', we compiled 4,914 cases containing ne in interrogation use. We then categorized them into three groups according to their interrogative forms: disjunctive, constituent, and short-phrase. In terms of disjunctive and constituent questions, the questioning context is clearly expressed by the interrogative elements, such as WH words and the options provided; it is thus no longer necessary that ne should appear; and it turns out to be optional. Even when it does, the ne shows less harsh on intonation and it can help soliciting the active participation of hearer. However, in a short-phrase question, the ne shows its importance and obligatoriness due to its function of connecting the relevance in the discourse, moreover, the ne ensures the integrity of the information.