问题解决视域的实践共同体建构研究

Study on Communities of Practice Construction Based on Problem-solving

作为提高大学生的实践能力和创新能力的有效途径，实践共同体正受到教育领域研究者越来越多的关注，当前实践共同体的建构研究主要借鉴共同体的研究成果，对实践共同体的实践特性关注不够。从问题解决视角看，劣构问题解决是实践共同体中实践的主要方式，基于劣构问题解决过程及其影响因素研究实践共同体建构，不仅适切而且必然。文章在阐释实践能力和实践共同体内涵的基础上，探索劣构问题的解决过程、影响因素，继而提出了相应的实践共同体建构策略。

As an effective way to improve the students' practical ability and innovation ability, "communities of practice" has attracted increasing attention in educational field. The current studies mainly refer other communities' study and pay less attention to practical feature. In view of problem-solving, solving ill-structured problem is the main practice in communities of practice. It's necessary and feasible to explore constructing strategy of communities of practice based on solving process of ill-structured problem and the impact factors of it. The paper firstly describes the connotation of practice ability and communities of practice, explores the process of ill-structured problem-solving and impact factors of it, and then provides the concerned constructing strategy of communities of practice.