美国公民资格的理论范式及其在公民教育中的实践

Theoretical Paradigms of Citizenship and Their Influences on Citizenship Education in America

公民资格是理解公民教育的起点和基础。美国公民资格理论范式主要体现为自由主义、共和主义、批判主义和跨国主义公民资格。自由主义和共和主义公民资格作为影响美国公民教育的主导话语，对公民教育实践产生了重要影响。批判主义和跨国主义公民资格以其特有的理论活力对公民教育提出了挑战。美国公民资格理论话语的丰富和发展为公民教育实践提供了参照和启示。

Citizenship is the starting point and basis for understanding citizenship education. Theoretical paradigms of citizenship in America mainly include liberal citizenship，republican citizenship，critical citizenship and transnationalism citizenship. The liberal citizenship and republican citizenship are most influential in shaping current citizenship education. The critical citizenship and transnationalism citizenship are marginalized in the curricular texts， but they significantly challenge citizenship education in schools. Development of theoretical paradigms of citizenship has significant implications for the practice of citizenship education in America.