美国全国教育协会的建立与早期事业（１８５７—１９００)

The Founding and Early Effort of the National Education Association of the United States (1857-1900)

The National Education Association (NEA) of the United States is the first national teachers' association of the United States. It was founded in 1857， and has a history of 160 years. As a non- governmental education organization， tt has made signiticant contributions to education reforms and development of the United States. In China， little attention has been paid to the study of the NEA . Among the small number of existing works， some are longitudinal studies based on the narratives of a hundred years' history， and some are either macro comparative studies or micro case studies based on the nature of this association .But very few studies analyzed the historical reason for its founding， the social motivation of its combination and change of name， and the education efforts of its branches. Based on the analyses of the conference proceedings， published reports and previous studies of NEA， this paper summarizes the histoti-cal reason for its founding， the social motivation of its combination and change of name， and the education efforts of its branches， Based on this， the paper focuses on the education contributions and efforts the as- sociation has made to elementary education， secondary education， higher education， rural education， teacher education， and Indian education， by establishing various special committees in its early years.