农村教师短缺：美国州和学区的对策

Teacher Shortage in Rural Schools： the Countermeasures of American States and School Districts

In the recent several decades，American rural K- 12 schools faced with the problems of classroom teachers shortage，the high turnover rate and shortage of qualified teachers in particular courses and some remote rural schools. To solve these problems，the states and school districts have attempted dozen of measures during the time and four of them are highly welcomed. They are“Alternative Certificate”，“Grow- Your- own”，“Induction of Beginning Teacher”，“Targeted Incentive”. These measures are separately designed for potential teachers，newly entered teachers，the on- recruiting teachers and in- service teachers. These strategies can be references for the teacher shortage of rural China in strategy design，teacher preparation program，school support and salary system design.