居家托育服務人員情緒勞務與工作滿意度之相關研究

The Study on Emotional Labor and Job Satisfaction of Family Childcare Providers

情緒勞務係指個體之管理情感以創造出公眾可觀察的臉部表情或身體動作，居家托育服務人員在嬰幼兒托育的角色即屬於情緒勞務。本研究目的在瞭解居家托育服務人員的情緒勞務及工作滿意度，並探討其在情緒勞務與工作滿意度之差異情形及兩者間的關係。本研究以問卷對屏東地區200位居家托育服務人員施測，有效問卷166份。結果發現：在情緒勞務各構面中，以基本的情緒表達得分最高；不同教育程度、托育兒數、家人支持度、家庭生活滿意度的居家托育 服務人員，在整體情緒勞務及其各構面上有顯著差異。工作滿意度得分最高的是工作環境， 居家托育服務人員的年齡、年資、家人支持度、家庭生活滿意度、工作壓力感、與視居家托育服務人員工作為終生職在整體工作滿意度及其部分構面上，亦呈現顯著差異；居家托育服務 人員的整體情緒勞務與整體工作滿意度為正相關。

Emotional labor was defined as the management of emotions for pay. Child care is one with the highest requirements regarding emotion labor. Moreover, due to the unstable income and low identity, they have low job satisfaction. The study is to investigate the emotional labor and job satisfaction of family-based child care providers and the relationship between these two factors. The Questionnaire for Family-Based Care Providers in Emotional Labor and Job Satisfaction was given to 200 providers in Community Family-Based Care Scheme in Pingtung County and 166 valid questionnaires were returned. These were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis and Scheffé method. The results revealed that among the domains of emotional labors, the basic emotional expressivity scored highest, followed by interaction level, emotional control, and emotional diversities. Meanwhile the working conditions scored highest among the domains of job satisfaction, followed by self-value, role orientation, and salary. Significant difference in emotional labor was found among care providers with different education levels, number of children they take care, their family support, and family life satisfaction. There is also significant difference in job satisfaction among care providers of different age, seniority, family support, family life satisfaction, job stress, and the will of regarding child care providing as a career. Moreover, there is positive correlation between emotional labor and job satisfaction of care providers.