什么影响了高校办学成本—基于教育部直属高校数据的实证研究

What Impacts on the Operating Costs of Universities： Empirical Research Based on Data from MOE-Administered Universities

Based on the data from universities administered by China’s Ministry of Education (MOE) during 2006 and 2010，various panel data SFA models were used to estimate the cost functions of MOE-ad-ministered universities and analyze the influencing factors of their operating costs. True Random Effect (TRE) Model with the best goodness of fit， shows that： publications， undergraduate enrollments， postgraduate enrollments， and international student enrollment all had impact on inverted U-shape； the expansion of postgraduate student enrollment had negative spillover effect， and the expansion of adult education student enrollment had positive spillover effect； those MOE-universities with 985 title or medical center tended to hold higher operating costs than regular universities， though this gap was not statistically significant； the increase of students to teaching staff ratio and the decreasing of the ratio of teaching staff who had senior titles to those who did not could bring down the operating costs to some extent， but with no statistical significance. Under the policy background of enhancing budgeting reform in MOE-administered universities by the central government ，related stakeholders should improve the top-level design for university budgeting， and make en- deavors to establish a comprehensive funding mode considering of both teaching and research. At the meantime， in order to enhance operation efficiencies and achieve intensified development， MOE-adminis-tered universities should adjust the levels and structure of student enrolment， and facilitate the resource sharing between full-time and part-time students through construction of information technology.