科技領域女大學生堅持科學課程的動機及其生涯價值觀之探究

A research of the related factors that influencing female students’ persistence in S&T undergraduate program and the career values of the female students’ in the future

女性就業成為21 世紀風潮，然而科技業男多女少，性別嚴重失衡。為瞭解如何提高科技領域女 性少數團體在大學的保留率及在科技職涯的參與率，本研究以台灣兩所研究型國立綜合大學之科技 領域女大學生為對象，採用質性研究半結構式訪談法，探究（1）科技領域女大學生堅持科學課程的 動機及影響層面為何；（2）科技領域女大學生追求的生涯價值觀及對生涯期望與投入的看法為何。 並招募來自電機、電子、資訊、土木、化學、物理及數學等科系之25 位研究參與者參與訪談，訪談 逐字稿採用紮根理論方式加以分析，經持續比較分析結果，找出有意義的概念形成分類及主題，邀 請兩位諮商碩士級以上研究人員進行同儕檢核。研究結果發現堅持完成學位的動機，可區分為個人 因素和脈絡因素兩大類。個人因素影響最大者為對課程感興趣居多，脈絡因素影響較大者為人際支 持鼓勵。研究參與者追求的生涯價值觀多元，未來均規劃念研究所，研究所畢業後，多數人希望工 作家庭兩者兼顧。認為欲追求科技生涯應具備興趣者居多數。本文最後並對學校教育工作者、諮商 輔導工作者、政府機構及未來研究提出具體建議。

Female employmentisthe wave ofthe twenty-firstcentury. However，the IT industryemployedfewerfemale than male. In thetechnology industryhasa seriousproblem ofoccupationalsex segregation. In order to understandhow to improve retention of women minority groups in science and technologyat the University and women's participationinscience and technologycareer， the research looks at the related factors that influencing female students’ persistence in S&T undergraduate program and the career value of the female students’ in the future. A qualitative research method approach was adopted in this study. The participants of thisstudy were twenty- five female studentsenrolled inscience and technologydepartment from twonational comprehensiveresearchuniversities inTaiwan. The researchersconductedtwopilot studies to correctinterview guide. The researchersthenrecruited25studyparticipants fromelectrical engineering， electronics， information engineering， civil engineering， chemistry， physicsandmathematicsdepartmentstoconductinterviewsfor thestudy. The researchers used semi-structured interview method for data analysisto identifymeaningfulconcept andenhancedthe quality ofdata analysisthrough peerchecklist. The results were as follows: (1) They adhere to the science curriculum by personal factors and context factors， and most of them want to complete their degree because of they are interested in the course， (2)They pursue diverse career values， (3) After graduating from college， they want to attend S & T research institute， and (4) Most of them think that people who want to pursue a career in science and technology should have interest. Finally， related issues of school education， guidance and counseling practices， suggestions for relevant governmentagencies and future research are also discussed.