學前華語兒童聲韻母發展之探討

The Development of Vowels and Consonants of Children

語音錯誤是學前兒童常見的問題，然而，僅有少數兒童具有語音異常或發展遲緩。對身心障礙兒童而言，囿於其不同的特殊學習需求，在語言發展上普遍面臨大小不一的挑戰。然而，儘管這些孩子的語言發展速率相對於一般兒童顯得較慢，他們的語言學習卻同樣循著一般兒童的發展歷程。在早期療育階段，瞭解一般兒童聲韻母發展，乃是評估和引導語音發展遲緩兒童的重要參照。有鑑於此，本文主要聚焦於一般學前兒童聲韻母的發展，藉由爬梳相關文獻彙整其發展趨勢與脈絡，藉以提供學前特殊教育工作者和家長及早發現疑似語音發展遲緩的孩子，亦可做為實務者評估和擬定療育計畫的參考。

Children with speech delay encounter numerous challenges in language development， although they follow a developmental process similar to that of typical language development children (TLD). A clear understanding of speech development and general speech errors of TLD should be emphasized while providing an early intervention program. This paper aims to collate previous research in the field of speech development and speech errors in order to provide indexes for educators or parents so as to enable them to offer appropriate speech practices to children who have speech delay.