国家教育权力的边界--斯宾塞同等自由视域下的解读

Boundary of National Education Power： The Interpretation from the Perspective of Spencer's Rule of %22Equal Freedom%22

斯宾塞认为同等自由是个人权利的基础，他主张用同等自由的原则划定国家的教育权力边界。根据同等原则，个人的自由是不被国家权力过度干涉的自由，教育是个人自主选择、自我负责、自由发展的过程，公民具有确立教育权威、目的、掌握教育资源的权利，国家的教育权力应以保障个体机会平等、自主权利和机体发展为界。没有人能否认国家权力在公共教育中的合法性，但过犹不及，国家教育权力的过度扩张必然危及个人自由。

Spencer considered “Equal freedom” as the foundation of individual freedom . He advocated the principle of ^equal freedom” in designating the boundary of national power in education. The individual freedom is the right free from the excessive interference from the government and others. Education is a process of independent selection， determination and development for individual. Each has definite say in establishing the education authority， ascertaining education aims and handling the education resources. National power should be restricted in the boundary of protecting the equity in individual opportunity，the right of independent development and the upgrading of social and individual organism. The eligibility of national power in public education s non-deniable； however， excessive national education power will endanger individual freedom.