肯尼亞的大學＂下鄉＂：緣起、路徑與問題

The Ruralisation of Universities in Kenya ： Origin%2C Path and Problem

为满足国内激增的大学入学需求、平衡不同区域的发展差异，肯尼亚的大学自20世纪80年代起开始向农村地区扩张，即大学“下乡”。然而，由于没有制定统一的规划、缺乏足够的资金以及受国内部族主义的负面影响，肯尼亚的大学“下乡”在许多方面并没有实现预期目标。相反，出现了高等教育结构失衡、大学社会功能弱化、大学教育质量下降和大学部族化等问题。

In order to satisfy the sharply increasing demands of university entrance and balance the developmental gap of different regions as well as the propel of tribalism， Kenyan universities began to be established in rural areas，namely the proliferation of universities to rural areas. However，due to lack of comprehensive plan and enough funds as well as the negative effects of tribalism， the expected targets of ruralisation of universities were not achieved. Rather，there were many problems during the process，such as the imbalance of higher education structure ，the atrophy of social function of university ? the decrease of university education quality and the tribalism of university. Due to the rural-urban gap，Chinese government should aggressively promote the ruralisation of universities， while obeying the law of running universities and maintain relative autonomy of those rural universities.