北京市数学优秀水平、不合格水平学生的典型特征与发展策略——基于2013年五年级数学学生测试及问卷结果分析

Typical Characteristics and Development Strategies of Students of Mathematics Excellent Level and Students of Mathematics Unqualified Level in Beijing ： Based on the Five Grade Mathematics Students' Test and Questionnaire Analysis in 2013

文章以2013年北京市802所小学34323名五年级学生为研究样本，对数学测试结果为优秀成就水 平学生、不合格成就水平学生两个类别群体进行深入研究，并结合学生问卷的相关内容，从学生学业负担、师 生关系、作业布置等三个拟合指标以及学生教育期望、家庭学习、家庭作业、学习焦虑、数学学习等方面的具 体指标进行了深入分析，并从家庭、学校、学生三个层面提出了发展策略：家庭要注重营造温馨的家庭氛围， 培养良好的亲子关系，制定合理的教育期望值；学校要关注学生的发展需求，建立研究团队，促进优秀、不合 格水平学生的发展；优秀、不合格水平学生要不断促进其自我效能与认知策略水平的发展。

In the study sample of five grade 34323 students from 802 primary schools in Beijing in 2013， The paper was thoroughly analyzed in depth analysis ofstudents of mathematicsexcellent level and students of mathematics unqualified level， And combined with the relevant content of the student questionnaire，the students’ academic burden， teacher - student relationship，Homeworkarrangement as well as the students’ education expectations， family learning， homework， learning anxiety， mathematics learning were analyzed in depth， The development strategiesare put forward from three aspects of family， school and students ： Family should pay attention to create a warm family atmosphere， cultivate a good parent - child relationship， develop reasonable expectations of education； The school should pay attention to the development of students， establishresearch team， promote the development of outstanding and non qualified students; Excellent and non qualified students should continuously promote the development of the level of self efficacy and cognitive strategies.