北洋政府时期国立大学校董会制度的探索与困境

Plight of Board of Trustees System in National Universities in the Period of Beiyang Government

北洋政府时期的国立大学校董会制度是民国教育界一次自下而上的教育制度改革实践，也是北洋 政府在形势所迫下一次被动的教育制度改革。国立大学校董会与生俱来的政府化特征，注定了根植于自由土 壤下的校董会制度的贸然嫁接，必然出现“橘生淮南则为橘，生于淮北则为枳”的场域变异，从而导致校董会制 度原有的民主、自由、制衡的特质遭遇无法逃避的多重生存困境。

In the period of Beiyang Government， the board of trustees system was adopted in national universities， as a bottom-up education reform， The system， though rooted in freedom， was doomed to failure because of governmentalization of the boards. The system was in a plight: it was difficult for its original features--democracy， freedom， and mutual restraint--to survive，