精英的特质与选拔--“清华大学本科新生入学调查”报告

Traits of the Elite and Mechanism for Selection

在中国社会深刻转型、中华民族迈向伟大复兴的今天，社会精英尤其是青年精英承载了重要的导 向性作用。为此，研究者以清华大学为例，对2014级本科新生展开追踪研究，以揭示我国精英所具备的素质和 精英的选拔机制。研究发现清华新生人格特质单一、非认知因素薄弱、精英中学成为生源重要输送地、工科教 育面临新挑战等问题，建议精英大学要进一步深化考试招生模式改革，构建人才选拔的多元评价体系，积极参 与高中教育教学改革，把生源的被动选拔工作变成主动参与塑造的过程，同时，大学要营造和谐、开放、兼容并 包的多元文化氛围。

At the profound stage of social transformation and national rejuvenation in China， the elite take increasingly important guiding roles. Therefore， we conducted the 2014 Survey of Tsinghua Freshmen in order to uncover traits of the elite in China and the mechanism for selection. This report， as a baseline study， focuses on the characteristics and paths of growing up of Tsinghua freshmen， and finds great challenges in freshmen education because of the students' lack of full character development and weak non-cognitive abilities，