大学校长的立场:“学科型”与“学校型”校长之辩

Standpoint of University Presidents: Discipline-Oriented or University-Oriented

大学校长的立场是指大学校长在观察事物、认识事物、处理问题、协调关系、进行决策时基于其所 处地位而秉承的态度与价值倾向。大学校长在行使权力、处理校务、配置资源时应秉持公正的立场，从大学基 本职能的履行与大学根本任务的实现出发来进行决策。现实中却有不少大学校长主要从自身学科专业发展、 研究方向与团队建设出发进行管理决策与资源配置，这可称之为“学科型”校长;与此相应，那些着眼于学校整 体利益和全面发展、善于统筹兼顾的校长则可称之为“学校型”校长。这两类大学校长体现出不同的办学境界， 对学校的发展也有着不同的影响。当今大学究竟需要什么类型的校长值得反思与探讨。

The standpoint of university presidents refers to their position-based attitudes and value priorities in their observation and understanding and when they handle problems， coordinate relations， and make decisions. University presidents are supposed to be fair in exercising power， handling university affairs and allocating resources and to make decisions to fulfill a university's basic functions and fundamental tasks. However， there are ＂discipline-oriented＂ presidents， who make management and resource allocation decisions mainly for the development， research and team building of their own disciplines. In contrast， there are also ＂university-oriented＂ presidents， who focus on the overall interests and long-term development of the university and take all factors into consideration in plan making. These two types of presidents have different educational ideologies and exert different impacts on university development. Which type is needed in universities today is worth reflection and discussion.