台北市高級中等學校新生入學前後升學意願及學業成就之研究

The Study of Students' Educational Aspirations and Academic Achievement Before and After Entering Taipei Municipal High Schools

升學問題,是我國今日教育急待解決的一大問題。由於近年升學主義的盛行,一般家長都期望子女能順利地考上高中、升入大學,大多數學生更是以升入大學為首要目標,學校為了提高升學率,各種教學措施也都以幫助學生升學為鵠的。升學問題已使學校教學有了偏差。升學考試的題目變成了教材,無盡無休的考試代替了教學活動,一般所謂的「升學輔導」,也只限於「課業輔導」。莘莘學子終日孜孜矻矻、努力以赴者,也都是為了升學。學校的選擇,對於學生將來有很大影響。假如能進入合於自己興趣和能力的學校就讀,將有助於個人才能的發揮。反之,如果進了不適合自己的學校,不僅是個人遭遇困難,也是教育的一項浪費。因此,瞭解學生的升學意願,提供適當的輔導辦法,將有助於國中升學輔導工作的改進。

The main purpose of this study research was to understand students' educational aspirations, academic achievements before an after senior high school level. It also might provide reference to school guidance.
The sample contained 1,102 firstgrade male students of Taipei Municipal high schools, including senior high, senior vocational schools and junior college students. The necessary data were collected with three set of questionnaires. Each of them consisted of seven parts:
1. The choice of a school
2. Interests in courses.
3. Results of entrance examination.
4. The expected level of education.
5. Students' present plan to enter college.
6. Parents' expectations.
7. Influences of choice of school.
The main findings were as following:
1. Most of the students had taken two or more school entrance examinations which showed their strong education aspirations.
2. Most of the students expected to enter high school in order to go to college, only a few wanted to enter vocational school or junior college. There was a congruence between parents' and students' expectations of education.
3. 514 students were admitted by their favorite schools, while more than half of the sample failed to obtained their first choice.
4. Father played influential roles in schoolchoice, and teachers' influences were listed next.
5. Concerning former academic achievements, junior college students were rated at the top, highschool students in the middle, and vocationalschoolstudents at the bottom.
6. The students with highest academic achievements in junior high schools received better grades after entering senior high school level. Significant correlations showed between before and after new school grades.
7. Students' educational aspirations differed among parents' educational level, professions, and the locations of the schools. Six suggestions were made according to this research results:
1. The entrance examinations should be improved so that they can differentiate students abilities.
2. It is necessary to clarify the objectives of various schools for junior high school pupils to make their choice of entrance.
3. School should help parents to have a better understanding of their children's abilities, academic achievements, interests, in order to make appropriate expectations to them.
4. Teachers should have a proper concept of education and methods of teaching.
5. In order to help students understand themselves better, junior high schools should help them have appropriate selfknowledge.
6. Vocational concept and vocational morals should be properly understood by junior high school students.