加拿大教师职前培养中的教育实习及其借鉴

Practicum of Initial Teacher Education in Canada and its Enlightenments

加拿大的教师培养非常重视教育实习，教育实习不仅是教师培养的核心内容，而且是获取教师资格证书的重要前提。在教师教育改革的大背景下，加拿大的教育实习目标明确、内容丰富、方式多样、评价多元，呈现出实践性和融合性的特点，充分体现了大学教育课程和中小学教育实践的有效整合。当前，加拿大的教育实习更加强调教育理论和学校实践的深度融合，特别注重大学与中小学及社区之间的合作伙伴关系，教育实习的内容和形式也不断拓展，呈现出互惠合作的新趋势。

Practicum of initial teacher education has been emphasized in Canada. It is field-oriented. The connection between theory and practice and integration of university-based course and school-based field experience are its distinct features. The features of practicum of initial teacher education in Canada include progressive goals，rich content，varied implementation and multiple assessment. This paper provides an overview of these features， analyses its trends and outlines some issues and factors facing and influencing the practicum in the initial teacher education in Canada. Canadian experience in this field will offer some enlightenment for us to learn.