英国大学基金委员会招标竞价制度的历史与经验

A Historical Research on the Bidding System of the British University Funding Council

招标竞价制度是英国高等教育市场改革所经历的一段重要历程，它力图使英国高等教育拨款机制从直线型分配向市场型分配模式转变，从而影响高等教育市场中诸多参与者的行为模式，增加资源的使用效率。但是，由于文化缺位、垄断联盟以及对学生权力的限制等原因，理论上所期待的政府、大学与学生三者之间的制衡机制并未出现，招标竞价制度的改革遭遇夭折。这段历史对于还处于“黑匣子”当中的中国高等教育拨款制度改革具有重要的借鉴意义。

The bidding system established by the British University Funding Council was an important endeavor in Britain's history of market-oriented reform in higher education. The system was designed to transform the higher education funding system from linear distribution model to market-oriented distribution model， and to consequently affect the behavior of various participants and enhance the efficiency of resource use. However， due to the absence of competition culture， the collusion between universities and the limitations on the power of students， the balance among government， universities and students did not come into being. Britain's experience may provide valuable lessons for China's reform of higher education funding system.