英国大学章程的世纪演变———《1900年伦敦大学章程》与《2008年伦敦大学章程》之比较

The Evolution of British University Statues in Recent Centuries ———Comparison between the University of London Statutes， 1900 and the University of London Statutes，2008

《1900 年伦敦大学章程》将纯考试机构的伦敦大学改革为教学与考试相结合并兼 管科研的联邦制大学，是20 世纪初伦敦大学转型的重要标志；《2008 年伦敦大学章程》规定学 院是自治的法人团体，独立于大学和其他学院，是21 世纪初伦敦大学转型的又一重要标志。伦 敦大学章程的世纪演变是一个在内容上由充实至简约、在主旨上由集权到放权、在传承上既有 继承又有创新的发展过程，总结其特点可为推动我国现代大学章程制度的建设提供有益的启 示与借鉴。

The University of London Statutes，1900 changed the pure examination body into a federal university combining the functions of teaching and examination and scientific research，which marked an important transformation of the University of London in the early of 20th century. The University of London Statutes，2008 granted each college a self- governing incorporated body，separating from the university and other college，which marked another important transformation of the University of London in the early of 21th century. The evolution of British university statues in recent centuries has experienced the following process: from enrichment to simplicity in content，fromcentralization to decentralization in theme，and having both inheritance and innovation in continuity. Summarizing its characteristics may support beneficial enlightenments and references for promoting the establishment of our modern university statues.