我国民办高等教育投资政策的调试与嬗变

Adjustment and Evolvement of Private Higher Education Investment Policy in China

《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（２０１０—２０２０年）》明确提出：“积极探索营利性和非营利性民办学校分类管理”，这是对民办高等教育管理的突破性进展。教育政策的完善不是一蹴而就的，而是一个循序渐进、曲折发展的过程，本文梳理了改革开放以来我国民办高等教育投资政策的发展历程，研究在这一发展过程中政策与实践的偏离问题。研究发现，在我国民办高等教育投资政策的变迁过程中有三个特别值得关注的问题：一是为什么投资政策与投资实践总是会出现偏离？二是投资政策的目标与政策实践的偏离如何影响了教育投资政策的变迁？三是应该如何调试政策与实践的同向发展，实现投资政策的不断完善？

The “National Medium一 and Long一Term Educational Reform and Development Plan (2010-2020)” clearly states that we should actively explore classification management of foi一profit and non-profit private schools，which is a breakthrough in private higher education management. This paper reviewed private higher education investment policies since the reform and opening up and then focused on the deviation of practices from policies. The research indicates that three issues are of particular concern in the development process of private higher education investment policies. First of all，why have investment practices keep deviating from the policies ？Second，how have the deviations influenced changes in private higher education investment policies ？ Third， how should we adjust the policy and practice so as to continuously improve the investment policy ？