招生与培养：清华大学自主招生的理念与创新

Admissions and Cultivation ： Conception and Innovation of Independent Student Recruitment al Tsinghua University

人才培养是大学的根本任务，招生则是人才培养的第一步。在传统的“一元式”高考招生录取体制下，大学招生面对的是“分数”，而不是“学生”，这导致大学无法按各自的人才培养目标进行人才选拔，也就无法关注招生和培养的关系。２００３年底，自主招生制度开始试点推行，给予了大学一定的招生自主权，这使得大学开始关注招生与选材之间的关系，特别是开始关注招生与培养之间的关系。本文以清华大学多年自主招生的探索和实践为例，介绍其“因材施招、寓教于招”的自主招生理念，并以此探讨招生和培养之间互促并进的关系。

Talents cultivation is a basic task for universities，with admissions as the first step. In the traditional unitary college entrance examination enrollment system， college admissions are all con一 cerned with scores，rather than students. Thus a university cannot recruit students according to its talents cultivation target or focus on the relationship between admissions and cultivation. At the end of year 2003，the pilot implementation of independent recruitment started，conferring on universities certain admissions autonomy， which has motivated universities to pay close attention to the relationship between admissions and selection and in particular the relationship between admissions and cultivation. Based on years of exploration and practice in independent recruitment at Tsinghua University，this paper introduces the concept “admission according to aptitude and education in admission” in independent recruitment，and then discusses how to promote the relationship between admissions and cultivation.