從「異化」「歸化」翻譯策略檢視我國國軍之視域走向

Horizon of the ROC Military from Perspectives of Foreignization and Domestication

譯者對於「異化」與「歸化」翻譯手段之選擇不但反映出不同的視域，也襯托出讀者的價值期待，而代表我國國軍戰略視野之國防譯粹月刊，在市場干擾因素相對較小下，特有視域之趨勢尤為明顯。本研究從語言心理學的角度透過內容分析法分析國防譯粹月刊「異化」與「歸化」翻譯手段所表現之訊息系統，藉以比較二十年來（1988 年與2008 年兩階段）國軍軍官視域之變化。全文計分三大部分。第一部分探討「異化」、「歸化」、「零翻譯」等翻譯策略，並簡介國防譯粹月刊之背景與意義；第二部分按內容分析法之研究設計，擷取國防譯粹月刊兩階段共146（75+71）篇譯文，蒐集3，093 個英譯中詞彙後加以分類並製作量表；第三部分就國軍戰略視野之趨勢演變進行分析。研究顯示國軍的戰略視野二十年來出現了從「異化」走向「歸化」之樣式，舉凡戰略、戰術、哲學、武器裝備方面均從原有的「異化」策略轉向「歸化」，即使唯一例外的管理用語，屬於極度「異化」策略之零翻譯也出現下滑。基於這項發現，作者於結論部分除檢驗時下「異化」、「歸化」之論證外，更提出了「過度依賴著歸化之詮釋策略，國家是不是仍然跳脫不出當年張之洞『中學為體，西學為用』的建軍漩渦？」之質疑。

The translation options of foreignization or domestication, two main translationstrategies, not only reflect the attitude of the translator but also influencereader value systems. The National Defense Digest, a monthly periodical collectingtranslated works by the Ministry of Defense, Republic of China, is not an exceptionto this trend. Adopting a content analysis approach with two variables— foreignization and domestication, this research explores data collected fromtwo phases (referring to the lap of six months each in 1988 and 2008) with apurpose of understanding the transition of attitudes so far as the military establishmentof the ROC is concerned. Structurally, the paper is divided intothree sections. Section 1 will review key terms including domestication, foreignization,and zero translation, and gives a brief on the cultural backgroundof National Defense Digest that can be justified as one representation of viewsheld by the military establishment in Taiwan. Section 2 explores 146 translatedarticles with 3,039 English-to-Chinese translated terms for assessment. Section3 analyzes the transition of attieudes in the military establishment over the pasttwenty years. It is found that there has been a significant tranfer of translatedterms from foreignization to domestication in categories such as “strategies”, “tactics”, “philosophical thinking”, and “weaponry”. The only exception is the“management” category. The paper concludes that overusing domesticationstrategies in translated works in the National Defense Digest may reflect a selfcenteredattitude in a global context. It may also imply that the armed forces inTaiwan remain stuck at a vortex with a mindset to “borrow from the West tojustify core values,” the same as one hundred years ago.