英漢新聞編譯意識型態規範之探索：從「引述」的編譯談起

Quotation as a Key to the Investigation of Ideology-related Norms in English-Chinese News Trans-editing

本文以描述翻譯學（Descriptive Translation Studies）為理論架構，藉由一英漢編譯個案，從引述（quotation）編譯著手，探討至今仍著墨甚少的新聞編譯意識型態規範（norms）。引述為新聞報導中不可或缺的成分，並常被視為是消息來源所說話語的「客觀」再現。然而，記者卻經常以隱含方式將「主觀」意見融入其中。引述因而成為意識型態的外顯證據，為探索意識型態規範的重要文本成分。個案語料以臺海衝突議題為主。原語新聞採自美國《紐約時報》與《華盛頓郵報》，編譯新聞收集自臺灣三大報社：《中國時報》、《聯合報》與《自由時報》。本研究介紹完譯語報社的統獨意識型態及預期讀者等情境因素後，則從消息來源及引述內容兩層面對比原文與編譯文，歸納引述編譯的規律現象。之後，再對照譯文情境因素，先分析規律現象的意識型態緣由，繼而推論出更深層的意識型態規範。個案結果顯示，三家譯語報社由於所處社會、文化及政治情境雷同，於是產生類似的意識型態規範。然而，各報社編譯團隊為符合規範要求所運用的具體編譯策略則不盡相同。最後，本文進一步指出應於編譯規範及報導倫理間取得一平衡點的重要性，以及編譯規範在翻譯教學與培訓上的相關應用。

Drawing upon Descriptive Translation Studies as its theoretical framework,this paper conducts a case study on English-Chinese news trans-editing anduses news quotation as a key to explore ideology-related norms. Quotation isan integral part of news reports and is generally regarded as “neutral” reproductionof statements made by cited sources. However, it is usually adoptedby journalists to implicitly communicate “subjective” viewpoints. Quotation isthus an essential textual aspect which can assist in investigating ideology-relatednorms.The source texts covered in the case study are taken from the New York Timesand the Washington Post, and their trans-edited versions from the China Times,the United Daily News and the Liberty Times. The main news events featured inthe case study revolve around China-Taiwan political conflicts. After introducingthe contextual factors surrounding the target texts, this paper compares thesource and target news texts in terms of cited sources and quotation contentsto identify recurrent patterns which emerge with regard to the trans-editingof quotation. Then, against the target contextual factors, possible ideologicalreasons behind the recurrent patterns are investigated, which in turn leads tothe inference of ideology-related norms. The analysis shows that the normsimposed by the three target newspapers are very much alike due to their similarcontexts. However, the specific strategies adopted by each target newspaper'strans-editing members to help themselves conform to the norms are different.This study further suggests (1) the importance of keeping a good balancebetween obeying trans-editing norms and following ethics in news reporting,and (2) the application of trans-editing norms to translation teaching and training.