识字有规律吗？——有关小学识字及其规律的几点思考

Some Thoughts about Primary School Literacy and Its Law

本文探讨了识字的界定及识字规律的问题。本文提出，所谓识字，就是将文字的形音义三者之间在识字者头脑中，建立正确、稳定和自动化的联系；提出了五条识字规律，即“权威性字形、字音和字义配对律”“新旧元素交织律”“语境及其意义支撑律”“经验及其经验背景支撑律”和“运用反复律”。本文指出：识字教学的正确方向，是识字为识词服务，是扩展学生的词汇；积极词汇的拥有量，才是衡量识字教学成功与否的根本标准。

This paper discusses the definition and the law of literacy. The author first defines literacy as to establish a correct， steady and automatic link among the shape， the pronunciation and the meaning of Chinese characters. Based on this definition， the author put forward five laws of literacy， namely to establish a correct link among the shape， the pronunciation and the meaning of Chinese characters from the authority; to learn new characters based on familiar ones; to get better learning effects by understanding Chinese characters in specific contexts; to consider the previous experiences of the students; to provide chances for students to use new characters again and again. As a conclusion， the correct direction of literacy teaching is to enlarge the vocabulary of the students. And the amount of positive vocabulary is the fundamental measure of literacy teaching.