媒介变迁引发学习方式变革研究

Research on Learning Style Change Caused by the Development of Media

印刷媒介、广播媒介和电视媒介传播都具有单向性，广播媒介、电视媒介没有从根本上颠覆纸质时代印刷媒介所支持的学习方式。网络媒介的海量存储、开放访问、社会性、用户生成内容等特性，使之有可能对学习方式产生革命性影响。研究者从基于资源与基于互动两个维度分析媒介变迁引发的学习方式变革。伴随着互联网的发展，学习资源媒介由纸质资源演变到与数字资源并存，由封闭资源演变到与开放资源并存，由系统资源演变到与碎片资源并存；学习互动媒介由人际之间的口头语言演变到与网络搜索引擎、网络社交媒介并存。通过该文调查研究表明，媒介的变迁，特别是随着学习者对网络媒介接触的增加，课外学习方式由被动变得主动，不论是基于资源的自主学习，还是基于互动的协作学习，互联网对学习者的支持都比其他媒介更为有效；课内学习方式由单一变得多元，学习者在课外依托互联网所开展的学习活动，使他们具备了反哺课堂的能力，学习者不再是单纯地消费教授者所提供的讲授服务，而是以各种形式参与到教学活动中。

Communications through printing， broadcasting and television media are all unidirectional. Broadcasting and television have not radically changed the learning styles supported by printing from the paper era. The network medium has the characteristics of mass storage， openness， sociality and UGC (User Generated Content)， which makes it possible to have a revolutionary effect upon learning styles. The study analyzed the change of learning styles caused by media development from the aspects of resource and interaction. With the development of the Internet， learning resources have evolved from paper to digital， from closed to open and from systematic to fragmented， and learning interactions have evolved from verbal to Internet search engine and socializing. The results of the survey showed that with media development， especially when the learners were engaged more in the network medium， extracurricular learning was getting increasingly active. Whether for resource-based autonomous learning or for interaction-based collaborative learning， the Internet is more effective than other media in providing learning supports. Classroom learning styles are getting diversified， and the extracurricular learning activities on the Internet make the learners capable of feeding back. Learners not only consume the lecturing service， but also participate in teaching in various forms.