私校公共性之反思：以私立高中職為例

Reflection of Private Schools’ Publicness: A Case Study on Private Senior High and Vocational Schools

本文擬就政府提高私校公共性政策進行思考，希望透過不同觀點之間的邏輯辯證過程，客觀權衡相關政策發展可能產生之利弊得失。本文主要包含三個部分的討論：首先系統地回顧我國私立高中職校演進過程，以掌握政府推動十二年國教及提升私校公共性之政策脈絡；其次是社會各界對於提高私校公共性的相關討論，包括政府應否介入私校運作的論辯，以及相關作法可能產生之效應與風險；最後則總結本文所有討論，並在兼顧學術研究與政策發展的基礎上，進一步提出研究者對政府提高私校公共性措施之看法，同時臚列相關具體可行之政策芻議。研究發現，目前各界對政府提高私校公共性政策觀點的分歧，主要是受其所屬團體本位利益影響所致，故交集相當有限；惟以「相對利益」觀點取代非有即無的「零和思維」，進一步在教育優質化與社會責任之間取得政策平衡點，則支持、反對與政府等三方陣營，方能凝聚落實十二年國教政策所需之必要共識。

This article aims to rethink about publicness policy of private schools, and to objectively evaluate its policy implications by dialectical analysis among viewpoints. For this purpose, this article is discussed in three parts: first, systematically reviewing the development of private schools in Taiwan；second, showing all opinions about enhancing publicness, including whether government intervening private schools’ operation or not, and its potential effects and risks in consequence；finally, concluding discussions and putting forward some policy initiatives based on our viewpoint which keeps balanced stand between academic research and policy making. We provide that the disagreements of enhancing private schools’ publicness among several groups result from their egotistic interests, which discourage consensus with others. So that, to replace “zero-sum” thought with “relative gain” idea, which means looking after both high quality education and social responsibility, would be the best way to reach the necessary consensus for implementing 12-year basic education program among pro-publicness, con-publicness, and government.