郭秉文与民国教育界

Guo Bingwen and the Educational Academia in the Republic of China

郭秉文活跃于民国早期教育界的年代（１９１４—１９２５），正值近代中国社会转型的关键时期，教育界亦在民国初期形成具有现代性和国际性的“场域”。郭秉文凭借学缘、地缘、业缘等关系网络，借助现代报刊传媒，广泛传播新教育理念，组织新式教育社团，大力推行新教育实践，郭秉文一跃成为民国新教育运动活跃的中心人物之一，他的影响力远非以一校一地所能涵盖得了。同时，他亦是中外教育交流的积极推动者、实践者，成为中国教育在国际舞台上活跃的代言人。他领导塑造的南高—东大，成长为二十年代中国高等教育的重镇，与北大一道构成了民国早期中国高等教育“双峰对峙”新景象。１９２５年郭秉文因东南大学的风潮离开国内教育界，标志着民国自由主义新教育时代的终结，然而他培育的南高学风却及于整个现代中国，影响极为深远。

Guo Bingwen was active in the educational academia in the early period of the Republic of China (1914-1925). It was a critical period for the transformation of Chinese society， and the educational academia also developed into a field with modernity and internationality. Guo， relying on the local network and the networks formed based on his study and career， and making use of the modern media， widely spread new educational ideas， organized new educational communities， and strongly promoted new educational practices. He then became one of the key persons in the new educational movement in the Republic of China， and his influence was far beyond one school or place. Meanwhile， he was also an active facilitator and practitioner of educational exchanges between China and other countries， and became the spokesperson for Chinese education in the international world. His transformation of Nanjing Higher Normal School into National Southeastern University made the university one of the most important place for China’s higher education in 1920s， paralyzing with Peking University. Guo left the Chinese educational academia due to unrest in National Southeastern University， which marks the end of the neoliberalism education era in the Republic of China. However， the academic style he developed in Nanjing Higher Normal School had profound influence in the modern China.