威廉·派纳对美国课程的反思和重构———派纳的课程观述评

William Pinar’s Reflection on and Reconstruction of the American Curriculum: A Review of William Pinar，s Curriculum Theory

威廉·派纳是一位具有国际影响力的课程理论专家，不仅是因为他提出的课程理论主张具有创新性和划时代性，也因为他实际地组织和促进了国际性的课程理论研究，促进了课程理论研究的国际性对话与合作。派纳的课程理论是基于对美国课程现实与历史的反思，基于自己深厚的学识、广阔的视野和批判的思维建构起来的。区别于他所批判的工厂模式或公司模式的课程理论，派纳试图重构一种新的课程理论模式，我们可以将其称之为“广场模式”。派纳强调复杂对话，强调课程的界域性，强调课程发展的历史性，强调课程主体性之发展等等，这些都是值得我们借鉴和思考的，我们正需要以此为镜，反观我国的课程理论与课程改革。

William Pinar is a famous curriculum theorist who has an international influence， not only because of his innovative and epochal curriculum theory but also his contributions in organizing and promoting the international curriculum research which advances the international conversation and cooperation in the research of curriculum theory. Pinar constructs his curriculum theory based on his reflection on the reality and history of American curriculum and his rich knowledge， wide horizon and critical thinking. He tries to reconstruct a new model of curriculum theory， which we could call “square model”----a model different from the industry model or company model that Pinar criticizes. Pinar emphasizes some concepts in his curriculum theory， such as complicated conversation， place， history， development of subjectivity and so on. These concepts provide valuable reference to make reflection on our own curriculum theory and curriculum reform.