從三種政治學方法論評價統合主義－－以西德經驗為例

The evaluation of corporatism in perspective of three kinds of methodology in political science - focusing on the experience of the Federal Republic of Germany

本文的論述要旨在於從三種政治學方法論評價統合主義，並以西德經驗為例說明。本文首先說明何謂政治學方法論，然後簡介規範本體論、經驗分析論、辯證歷史論等三種政治學方法論，並從中引申出四種問題分析立場，分別是保守立場、合理化立場、批判立場與馬克思式的立場。

This paper start from the assumption: collaboration between the public sector and the private sector is based on corporatism. Accordingly, this paper intends to evaluate corporatism with three kinds of political methodology, and take the experience of the republic of the Federal Republic of Germany as example. Firstly, this paper explains the meaning of methodology, and then confines it to the empirical-analytical theory, the normative-ontological theory and the dialectical-historical theory. Four analytical positions are derived from the three methodology, they are conservative position, justifiable position, critical position and Marxist position. The conservative position emphasizes the classical corporatism, and takes the example of the cooperation between state and church after 1945 in the West Germany as example. The justifiable position emphasizes that, the tendency, which the neo-pluralism should transfer to the so-called liberal corporatism, is inevitable, in order to solve the complicated problems in a whole society. The critical position emphasizes the cost of liberal corporatism. The Marxist position emphasizes, that the liberal corporatism hat become a selective corporatism, especially in the fields of unfair distribution of industrial support and finance. The liberal corporatism is therefore a cover-up toward the communism.