国家主义与教育借鉴

Nationalism and Education Borrowing

我国比较教育研究以教育借鉴为主，但缺乏一种国家主义价值立场。比较教育研究自身的价值立场二重性，以及学习西方与抵制西方的矛盾心理使得我国比较教育研究者陷于国家主义与普遍主义这两种价值立场相互矛盾的两难困境。从全球化与本土化的关系来分析，教育借鉴对于后发展国家的教育发展是非常必要的。国家主义立场与普遍主义立场之间的关系是一种互相规定的辩证关系。基于国家主义立场的教育借鉴并不是封闭的，它是以开放的交流、普遍性为前提的。有效的借鉴需要一种“批判的理解”：对别国的批判是教育借鉴的普遍性的表现，对本国的批判则是一种更深层次的爱的情感———这就是中国教育借鉴者的家国情怀。加强比较教育研究者的家国情怀是中国教育借鉴的国家主义立场的新内涵。

Education borrowing is the main purpose of comparative education research in China and the comparative education researchers' standpoint of value is more universalism than nationalism. Two factors cause the dilemma of these two standpoints of value：the duality of values of comparative education research itself，the ambivalence between learning from the West and being against the West. Viewing from the relationship between globalization and localization，education borrowing is very necessary for developing countries. The relationship between nationalism and universalism is a dialectical one that defines each other. Education borrowing based on nationalism is not exclusive，but open and universal. Useful borrowing needs critical understanding. To criticize the other countries shows the value standpoint of universalism. To criticize our own country shows Chinese researchers' feeling towards home country. Strengthening the comparative education researchers' feeling of home country is a new meaning of nationalism of education borrowing.