中国比较教育学的早期移植与创生———以钟鲁斋和康德尔的《比较教育》为中心

The Transplantation and Creation of China's Comparative Education in Early Period ———focusing on two books of Comparative Education by Zhong Luzhai and Kandel

钟鲁斋的《比较教育》对康德尔《比较教育》的借鉴和超越，体现了中国比较教育学初创期由移植到创生的特点。20世纪30年代中国学者开始译介康德尔的学说，钟鲁斋首次以书评的形式对康德尔的《比较教育》进行了全面、准确的介绍，也在比较范围、编排体例、材料来源三个方面超越了康德尔的研究。他的成功昭示了比较教育学者创新的若干条件：1.具备深厚的理论修养，有国外教育的深切体验；2.研读经典，汲取比较教育学大师的思想精髓；3.超越经典，勇于成就一家之言；4.立足历史，洞察现实，从本国教育实践出发构建中国特色的比较教育学。

Comparative Education written by Zhong Luzhai was a product by learning from and beyond Comparative Education written by Kandel.，it fully embodied the characteristics of China's Comparative Education from transplantation to creation. Chinese scholars began to translate Kandel's comparative education doctrine in the 1930s. Zhong Luzhai made a comprehensive and accurate introduction of Comparative Education written by Kandel in the form of book reviews for the first time. He surpassed Kandel's books in three aspects such as comparison range，presentation style and material sources. His success has demonstrated certain conditions for comparative education scholars to make innovation: 1. having profound theoretical accomplishment and deep foreign education experience；2. absorbing essence by studying classic， comprehending the thought of famous scholars；3. having critical thinking and becoming ＂statements of a school＂；4. basing on history and native educational practice， understanding the reality， building Comparative Education with Chinese characteristics.