同步网络课堂的理念、应用及未来发展

Idea%2C Application and Future of Synchronous Cyber Classroom

网络课堂可分为异步网络课堂(Asynchronous Cyber Classroom)和同步网络课堂(Synchronous Cyber Classroom)。异步网络课堂存在辍学率高、参与度低、社会存在感缺失、学习效果不好等问题，同步网络课堂可以为学生提供类似物理课堂的效果，增强学习者的社会存在感，提高学习兴趣，提升学习效率。该文首先介绍了同步网络课堂产生的背景及主要特征；在此基础上，从社会存在感、课堂教学设计、学习评价、课程要求、教师技术素养等维度对比分析了同步网络课堂与传统物理课堂的差异；然后，分析了同步网络课堂与传统物理课堂结合的概念模型，介绍了应用案例；最后，结合大数据技术和翻转课堂，讨论了同步网络课堂的未来发展。

Cyber Classroom is consisted of Asynchronous Cyber Classroom and Synchronous Cyber Classroom. There are many problems in Asynchronous Cyber Classroom. Synchronous Cyber Classroom can provide similar effect for students like physical class， enhance sense of social presence of learners， increase interest of learning and improve learning efficiency. The paper introduces the background of Synchronous Cyber Classroom and key features， compares Asynchronous Cyber Classroom and Synchronous Cyber Classroom from the respective of social presence， classroom instructional design， learning evaluation， curriculum requirements and teacher technology literacy. Then the conceptual model of a synchronous network classroom with a combination of traditional physical classroom is analyzed. Finally the development of big data support the Synchronous Cyber Classroom， as well as the application of Synchronous Cyber Classroom in flipped classroom is discussed.