中、美、新基础教育信息化发展战略比较研究

A Comparative Study of Development Strategies for ICT in Basic Education of China%2C United States and Singapore

面对日趋激烈的国际竞争，世界各国都把基础教育信息化发展战略作为促进教育变革、提升国家综合竞争力的前瞻性选择。经过几十年的发展，我国基础教育信息化已取得了显著成果，但与世界发达国家相比还存在一定差距。发达国家基础教育信息化发展战略有哪些值得借鉴的经验，如何贯彻落实基础教育信息化发展战略，是我国教育政策制定者和基础教育信息化研究者关注的重点。本文采用文献研究法、比较研究法，对中国《教育信息化十年发展规划(2011-2020 年)》的基础教育信息化、美国国家教育技术规划和新加坡教育信息化发展规划进行深入剖析和解读，对三国基础教育信息化发展战略制定的时代背景、战略目标、发展任务进行全面分析、比较，然后结合大量调查报告、统计数据对三国实施效果进行分析。研究发现，中国强调缩小数字鸿沟，实现基础教育均衡发展，美国旨在实现教育系统的结构性变革，新加坡更注重学生能力的培养和发展。

Faced with increasingly fierce competition， countries around the world consider ICT in basic educationstrategy as a forward-looking choice to promote innovation and development of education as well as to enhance theircomprehensive competitiveness. After decades of development， ICT in basic education has achieved remarkable results inChina， but there is a significant gap between the demand of people and the level of developed countries in the world.What can be learned from the ICT in basic education development strategies of developed countries， how to develop sci-entific and reasonable ICT in basic education development strategies and how to implement development strategy of ICTin basic education， are the key points that educational policy makers and researchers of ICT in basic education con-cerned. In order to learn from the experiences of United States and Singapore on the development of ICT in basic edu-cation， and to investigate the gap between China and the two developed counties， we use the methods of documentaryresearch and comparative study to investigate and analyze China爷s “Ten-year Development Plan of ICT in Education(2010-2020)冶， U. S. National Education Technology Plan ( NETP)， and ICT in basic education Master Plan(MP) of Singapore from the four aspects of development background， strategic objectives， development tasks and im-plementation results based on investigation reports and statistical data. Through comparative analysis， the paper con-cludes that China emphasizes bridging the digital divide to achieve balanced development of basic education， and U-nited States aims to achieve structural change of the whole education system， while Singapore pays much attention tothe development of students' capacities.