微世界支持的小学生科学发现学习过程研究

The Analysis on Process of Microworld-Supported for Scientific Discovery Learning

如何利用计算机模拟软件来支持一些在实验室无法完成的实验是目前科学教学中迫切需要解决的问题之一。微世界作为支持发现学习的模拟软件，尤其适合于发展科学学科的探索与发现学习活动。学习者利用它提供的操作方法与指令探索其中的领域知识，并观察产生的现象、检验自己的假设，从而发现并习得微世界中蕴藏的领域知识。文章从理解微世界和科学发现学习的含义出发，分析了微世界支持的科学发现的活动过程和学习者存在的困难，从技术应用和支持学习者科学发现学习认知过程两个维度提出了微世界支持的科学发现学习的策略框架，并通过开展教学实践，探索微世界支持小学科学发现学习的教学策略的实施过程，以促进小学科学课堂教学的有效开展，提升小学生的科学素养。

One of the most important problems is how to support some experiments can not be completed in the laboratory by computer simulation. As one simulation software to support discovery learning， microworld provides computer simulation environments in which students could implement the activities for scientific disciplines and discovery learning. Microworld is a kind of virtual simulation learning software about certain field of discipline， in which it provides students methodologies and knowledge to explore domain knowledge， observe the resulting phenomena， and test their assumptions， in order to discover and acquisition latent domain knowledge of microworld. This paper starts from the meaning of microworld and scientific discovery learning point of view， we explore the implementation process of “microworld-supported for scientific discovery learning” and learning difficulties. Then we propose policy framework of microworld-supported scientific discovery learning from two dimensions of applications and scientific discovery learning cognitive processes. Based on action research， we explore the implementation process and principles of “microworld-supported for primary scientific discovery learning” strategy of the implementation process in order to promote the effective conduct of science to enhance the scientific literacy of primary school pupils.