MOOC的发展历程与主要特征分析

On the Development Process and Main Characteristic of MOOC

大规模在线教育在近两年取得突破性进展，已成为传统教育领域的颠覆性革新。MOOC在开放教育资源运动中发端，在连通主义学习理论中兴起，在行为主义学习理论中繁荣。与传统课程相比，MOOC具有以下典型特征：一是高校、教师、学生与投入等方面的规模化；二是学习对象、教学形式、课程内容、教育理念等方面的开放性；三是随时随地、主动学习、数据挖掘等方面的网络化；四是课程的组织方式、课程内容、学习方式、课程评价等方面的创新性。

MOOC has become a breakthrough development in the past two years. MOOC was started with the OER movement， developed with connectivism and flourished with behaviourism learning theory. Compared with the traditional courses， MOOC has the following characteristic: (1)the scale of universities， teachers， students and investment; (2) the open of learning object and form and the idea of education; (3)the network for learning and data mining anytime and anywhere; (4) the innovation of courses organization， content and evaluation.