关于教育改革中的几个问题——刘佛年同志在全国普通教育整体改革研讨会上的讲话

Several Issues about Education Reform ： Liu Fonians Speech at the National Seminar on the Overall Reform of Genera Education

在二十世纪八十年代的教育改革中，质量观和人才观是教育思想上值得考虑的两个问题。人才的培养质量受到评价标准的制约，我们的衡量标准要考虑多方面因素，基于全面发展的观点，帮助学生更好地适应将来的社会。我们既要充分发挥绝大多数学生的才能，又要能培养有特殊专长的尖端人才。教育内容方面，课程设置要多样化，将课内教学与课外活动相结合，同时重视校园文化建设。教师要根据不同的教学目标和条件选择相应教学方法，使学生变被动学习为主动学习，培养学生积极的学习态度，在掌握知识中发展能力；教育评价的目的在于通过反馈来改进教学，从而促进学生的学习。最后，在师生关系上，教师要吸引学生参与教学活动，鼓励他们取得成功，学生则要充分发挥其主动积极性。

In the education reform of 1980s， views on educational quality and qualified personnel are two issues worth discussing. The quality of people educated is constrained by the evaluation criteria， which should be taken various factors into consideration and based on the comprehensive development perspective to help the students better adapt to the future. We should not only give full play to the vast majority of students， but also foster top talents. On aspect of education contents， we should diversify the curriculum setting， combine teaching in class with activities outside class and also emphasize the school culture. Teachers should choose appropriate teaching method based on the educational goals and conditions， promote students to learn actively and gain ability while acquiring knowledge， as well as obtain active study attitude. The main purpose of educational evaluation is promoting teaching through the feedback， thus improving the students ’ study. And last，teachers should attract students to participate in learning activities，encourage them to be successful，on the other hand，students should give full play to their initiative.