审慎、理性、公正：用专业视角看待上海PISA测评结果

Prudence%2C Rationality，Fairness -----Looking at Shanghai PISA Testing Results in Professional Perspective

2012年的PISA结果公布后，国内外学者及媒体对上海取得的成绩发表了各种评论。有持肯定态度的，认为PISA测评的结果客观公正地体现了近年来上海在基础教育方面的一系列政策的成效。如经济合作与发展组织（OECD)秘书长安赫尔•古里亚在报告中说:“中国上海学生的表现令人刮目相看，他们在此次评估的每个科目中，成绩都一路领先。.这是一个不同社会背景下，经济资源合理配置的成功案例。”美国《时代》周刊网站报道说我们可以从中借鉴的是，上海的教育部门摒弃了针对少数精英的重点教育模式，采取了种兼容的教育体制；大规模地提高教师的待遇和培训投入；减少了死记硬背的教学内容，重在课堂上开展各种解决问题的教学活动。”很多国家及教育专家积极探寻上海PISA成功的秘密，努力学与上海在基础教育方面的成功经验。然而也有很多人对上海PISA测评的成绩表示怀疑甚至批判、指责。如怀疑抽样是否合理、认为成绩是学生死记硬背换来的等。因此，本刊记者搜集整理了国内外学者关于上海PISA测评的一系列疑问，并就这些问题采访了上海PISA项目组秘书长陆璟研究员。

The announcement of 2012 PISA results has led to positive or negative comments from both domestic and foreign scholars and medias. Many experts make an active exploration on the secret of Shanghai PISA， s success， trying to learn the successful experience of Shanghai basic education. However， still quite a few people are dubious about the achievement of Shanghai PISA results with doubts or even criticisms， such as questioning whether the sampling is effective. This paper is an interview， therefore， made by our journalist with Prof. Lu Jing， General Secretary of Shanghai PISA Project， to discuss a series of issues collected from domestic and foreign scholars on Shanghai PISA evaluation.