职校生素养水平及职校资源投入状况的国际比较——基于经合组织国际学生评估项目（PISA）2009 的数

International Comparative Studies on Students' Literacy and Resource Input in Vocational Schools based on PISA Data Analysis

在国内职校生被认为是学业不良的“问题学生”，但PISA2009 数据结果却显示职校生的学业成绩并不差，甚至还优于经合组织国家（简称OECD）的平均水平。本文利用PISA2009 已有数据样本及结果，单独把主要国家“职校生”，这一群体抽离出来进行职校生素养水平的国际比较。本文从经合组织（OECD）成员国及伙伴中挑选出了12个具有代表性的国家（地区）的职校生作为数据样本，包括中国上海，通过分析、比较各国或地区职校生成绩、评估职业学校管理、资源使用状况，从而综合反映目前我国职校生及职业学校所具备的优势及面临的挑战。

Student in vocational track has always been considered as "low-performing" or "struggling student" in China. However, according to PISA 2009 result, students in secondary vocational schools in Shanghai have also achieved a very satisfactory academic performance, even higher than OECD average and their peers in other high-performing vocational education systems. By drawing students in vocational schools out of the whole sample of PISA 2009 as a targeted student group, this research attempts to conduct comparative studies on their literacy level. Besides, this paper also poses advantages and challenges confronting our VET system through evaluation on management level of vocational schools and resources allocation.