大学生外语磨蚀和外语保持影响因素分析

An analysis of university students' foreign language attrition and retention

本研究主要通过语言测试，并辅以问卷调查进行研究, 分析了在校医学本科生在结束两年的大学英语必修课之后出现英语语言磨蚀现象的影响因素及其外语保持能力。研究结果表明：不同的语言技能磨蚀速度不完全相同。外语磨蚀程度和受蚀时间与受试者和外语的接触程度密切相关。经过一年磨蚀期，外语水平较高的受试者比外语水平较低的受试者的外语水平仍然相对较高，但外语磨蚀量也相对较大。学生的外语认知结构是影响外语保持的重要因素。为减少外语磨蚀，教师应在教学中因人施教，帮助学生选择适合自己的学习方法。

The paper studies medical students' English language attrition after their completion of a two-year compulsory English language training program. The results of the study confirm that language attrition is closely related to the time factor. The higher the subjects' initial English proficiency is, the better they maintain it after a lapse of one-year attrition, and the more loss they experience in keeping the language. Different foreign language skills attrit at different speed, which has been in turn incurred by individual differences. Developing a schema in acquiring a foreign language will be conducive to maintaining it. It is of great importance that instructors help students develop their own learning strategies in the foreign language retention process.