开放课程发展路径研究

Research on the Development Path of Open Courses

随着信息通信技术的飞速发展,社交媒体的普及,在线学习已经成为人们普遍采用的学习方式之一。开放课程作为一种新型的课程形态,是推动和实现在线学习最有效的途径。开放课程自产生至今,其形态从最初的数字化教案、教材以及课程大纲发展到了多媒体形式的教学材料,全方位师生互动。梳理开放课程的发展轨迹,认识开放课程基本要素(如师生角色、媒体、交互以及教学评价等) 的演变规律,能为开放课程资源建设提供重要参考。论文首先将开放课程的发展分为开放课程资源的推广、微教学视频资源的传播以及大规模开放在线课程的兴起三个阶段,描述了每一阶段的典型项目,归纳其基本特征;然后,整理开放课程发展路径的分析框架,结合传统教学过程,探讨了开放课程学与教的特性;最后,总结从开放课程到大规模开放在线课程的跨越尚需解决的问题,并且提出了一些启示。

With the development of information and communication technology and the popularity of social media, online learning has become an important learning approach. Open courses is a new way to promote online learning by providing quality resources and real-time feedback. The form of open courses has changed from digital textbook, syllabus and tests to teaching materials based on the rich media and to all-embracing interaction between teachers and students. Probing into the evolution path of open courses will clarify the evolvement law of basic elements of open courses, which may give us references on how to construct open courses. By dividing the development path of open courses into three stages: the initiation of open courses resource, the popularization of micro-video teaching resources, and the prevalence of MOOCs, we introduce the most typical projects in each stage, summarize the characters of each stage, and propose the analysis framework for open courses. Subsequently, the teaching and learning process of open courses is analyzed by comparing to the traditional courses. In the end, this paper presents the issues that emerged after MOOCs' quick development.