南非高等教育合作型管理的发展进程及其启示

The Development of Co-operative Governance of Higher Education in South Africa and Its Revelation

南非于1994 年新民主政府成立之后，在高等教育系统采用了合作型管理模式，该管理模式具有独特的南非特色，发挥了重要作用。合作型管理依据联合型原则，允许政府外部力量和各种教育协会或者机构介于政府和国家高教系统之间发挥作用，实施具有计划性、协调性的掌舵型管理模式，其发展进程经历了四个发展阶段。合作型管理的发展进程对我国高等教育管理中如何合理分配权力、平衡系统内外关系并调动各方利益集团的有效参与有着重要启示。

Co-operative Governance model was adopted in higher education in South Africa after the new democratic government in 1994，which has strong South Africa character and plays an important role. Cooperative governance is a planned and coordinative steering type according to associative principle，which operates between government and national higher education system. Meanwhile，other government agencies and educational associations are involved. The development of cooperative governance can be divided into four phases. It is important to study the development of cooperative governance for reasonable distribution of power，balance between internal and external systems，and motivating interest groups' initiatives in Chinese higher education.