澳大利亚、欧美国家应对网络欺凌的策略及启示

Strategies for Coping with Cyberbullying in Australia and Western Countries and the Enlightenments

计算机和网络信息技术的发展，使得传统的校园欺凌问题向虚拟空间发展，未成年人网络欺凌已成为世界性的“公害”问题。近年来，澳大利亚、欧洲国家和美国结合本国实际情况，针对网络欺凌开展相关研究，探索、采取了一系列预防和干预措施。澳大利亚着重于为学校开发各类网络安全教育课程，从源头防范网络欺凌的发生；欧洲国家在开展网络欺凌研究上采取的态度是通力合作、共同防范，在预防教育上下大力气；而美国则主要是通过制定一系列相关法律来遏制日益蔓延的网络欺凌现象，用立法来保护未成年人的网络安全。

The development of computer and network technology has made the traditional school bullying problem expand to virtual space. Minor cyber-bullying has become the problem of global public nuisance. In recent years, based on various researches about cyber-bullying, Australia, European countries and United States have taken a series of precautions and interventions according to their own actual situation. Australia took focus on developing any kind of network security education courses to prevent cyber-bullying from the source; the European countries conduct their studies on cyber-bullying with the attitude of united strength and common defense, taking more focus on preventive education; and America keeps down the increasing spreading phenomenon of cyber-bullying mainly through making laws to protect the network security of minors.