嬗变与特征：英国教育督导制度的职能转变

Evolvement and Characteristics: the Function Transformation of Educational Inspection System in Britain

英国的教育督导制度经历了从政府的“信息供应源”到教育标准与质量的“检测器”, 再到使用者与受益者的“代言人”的职能演变过程。当前其职能的新特征为：注重服务职能，为社会和家长提供信息；加强问责职能, 以督学为重心；凸显优化职能, 强化学校自评。其职能嬗变的轨迹和当下的新特征对完善我国的教育督导制度具有重要的现实意义。

The British educational inspection system has experienced a series of function transformation from "the source of supplying the information" of British government to "the detector" of the standards and the quality of education to "the spokesman" of users and beneficiaries. The characteristics of its functions are: emphasize the service-oriented functions and provide information for the community and parents; enhance accountability functions and pay more attention to school inspections; and highlight the optimization functions and strengthen school's self-evaluation. The function transformation of educational inspection system and its characteristics has important implications for improving educational inspection system in China.