俄罗斯中小学公民教育三级体系的构建——以萨马拉州为例

Three-level System Construction of the Middle and Primary School Citizen Education in Russia——take Samara State as an Example

本文以萨马拉州为例，分别从俄罗斯联邦中央、萨马拉州和萨马拉市中学三个层次，阐述俄罗斯中小学公民教育体系的构建。中央联邦颁布宏观政策引领公民教育发展，地区公民教育中心制定本州公民教育基本模式，学校根据自身情况通过课程、课外活动等方式具体实施公民教育。三级体系相互依托共同完成公民教育任务。

Taking the example of Samara State, this article illustrates the construction of middle and primary school citizen education system from the three levels as the central government of Russia, Samara State and middle school in Samara. The central government promulgates macro polices to guide the development of citizen education, the local citizen education center makes the basic mode of citizen education, and the schools, based on their own conditions, implement the citizen education specifically through various ways of curriculum and extra curriculum's activities etc.. The three levels depend on each other and accomplish the citizen education jointly.