英国高等教育内部问责的机制与实践——以曼彻斯特大学为例

Mechanisms and Practices of Internal Accountability in UK Higher Education: a perspective of the university of Manchester

问责在过去的二三十年中成为诸多国家高等教育改革的热点问题。问责就是向他人报告、解释、证明及回答资源的使用方式和效果问题的义务。英国高等教育问责以政治性问责为主，而强化内部问责是英国高等教育问责未来发展的方向。以曼彻斯特大学内部问责实践为视角，可以看出英国高等教育内部问责体系的一些共同特点。

Accountability has been one of the focuses of higher education reforms in a number of countries since the late 1970s. Accountability is the obligation to report to others, to explain, to justify, to answer questions about how resources have been used, and to what effect. The direction of UK higher education is to strengthen internal accountability in its near future development. By the research on the improvement of the practice of internal accountability in Manchester University, we can see some characteristics of internal accountability of British higher education system.