美国教师教育者的专业发展取向及启示

Developmental Orientations of Teacher Educators in American

随着教育的变革，人们越来越认识到教师的专业发展水平越来越多地依赖于教师教育者的专业发展。当前，美国教师教育者的专业发展呈现出两种取向，一是提倡自主研究的内在动力，二是强调专业标准的外部引领。这两种取向对美国教师教育者的发展都起到了积极的作用，但又都因其存在的局限性在实践中也受到一定的限制。借鉴美国教师教育者专业发展的经验，我们应当有效整合自主研究取向和专业标准取向，从而形成教师教育者专业发展的内在动力和外部保障的合力。

At present, there exist two orientations in the professional development of teacher educators in America. One pays attention to self- study, the other lays stress on professional standard. The former provides inner support for the professional development of teacher educators, but it can not provide guarantee for the continuous professional development of professional groups. The latter provides external consultation, but its effect should be expanded. Thus we can get the implications for China: on the one hand, we should encourage self-study and support the professional development of the individual; on the other hand, we should emphasize professional standard and ensure the professional development of the groups.