对补习教育体系的争论及其政策意义

A literacy review on debates on private tutoring and its implications for policy

围绕“补习教育”体系对于学校教育和家庭的影响，不同的人站在不同的角度有着激烈的争论。本文通过文献研究发现，补习教育的支持者往往是自由主义者，他们普遍坚持家长拥有对子女的教育选择权；而补习教育的反对者则往往是教育机会平等的支持者，认为补习教育使得家长陷入“囚徒困境”，并对教育机会平等分布产生影响。而实证研究的成果无疑对于收敛两者间的争论富有效果。补习教育是否应该进行，会受到关于补习教育效果和代价的实证研究成果的影响。最后，文章还探讨了补习教育研究的政策意义。

private tutoring, as an increasing phenomena, give raise a serious debate on its effects on mainstream education and on educational opportunities distribution among different groups. Based on literacy review, this article find that advocates intend to stand on liberalism that they believe parents have the right to choose appropriate education for their children. Meanwhile, experts in the opposite position often show a strong tendency on educational equity. They think parents’make their choice in an incomplete market in which their competition will inevitably lead to a quasi ‘prisoner’s dilemma’. Private tutoring，which chooser win a lot but society as a whole pay more in term of affecting educational opportunity distribution. Accumulating evidences on private tutoring is believed to be helpful in narrowing the gap between the advocates and opposites. However, policy making still face a complicate circumstances.