教育研究中问卷承载信息的变异与控制

Variation and Control of Information in Educational Research Questionnaire

问卷调查是教育研究的重要方法，但问卷调查收集到的信息也会存在一定的误差，并且会影响研究结果的准确性。从问卷调查中数据信息的变异过程分析得知，抽样误差、测量误差、录入误差是数据信息变异的主要来源。在运用问卷调查法进行研究时要从抽样过程、信息采集过程、数据录入过程和数据的清理过程等方面进行严格控制。问卷录入前的全面筛查、录入人员与录入软件的选择及对录入数据的检核等工作应该引起更多的关注。

Questionnaire is an important method for education research.However,some errors may occur in the data collected through the questionnaire and thus influence the accuracy of the research findings.The analysis of the process of the data variations shows that the sampling error,measurement error and input error are considered the major sources of the data variations.Therefore,when using questionnaire,researchers should strictly control the process of sampling,data collection,data entry and data cleaning.The full filter before data entry,the choice of data entry operator and data-input software,the checking of database and so on should be paid more attention.