美国公共学校的“意识形态冲突”

A Retrospect of the Ideological Conflicts in American Public Education

从教育与权力的关系入手、以意识形态冲突为视角来研究美国公共学校的“战争史”，是美国公共教育史的一种解释路径。知识与学校从来就不是价值中立的，它体现着社会统治阶级的价值观念与意识形态。从美国公共教育和公共学校诞生之日起，在当时社会和历史条件中居于主流统治地位的意识形态集团对公共教育和公共学校中“谁来学、谁来教、学什么、为什么学”的争夺就从来没有停止过，这使得公共教育和公共学校从一开始就沦为了灌输社会主流和占统治地位的意识形态的工具，沦为了统治集团实现价值控制力的工具，沦为了阶级再生产、经济再生产、政治再生产、文化再生产的工具。

Starting from the relationship between education and power to study the history of American public school wars from the perspective of ideological conflicts represents one of the routes to interpret the history of American public education. Knowledge and school can never be value-neutral. It reflects the value and the ideology of the ruling class. Since the emergence of American public education and public school, the dominant ideological groups had never given up the fights for " who to study; who to teach; what to study; and why to study" in the public education and schools. This made the public education and the public schools become the tools to instill the ideology of the dominant groups and ruling class, to realize the value control of the ruling class, and to reproduce class, economy, polities, and culture.