大规模开放在线课程的国际现状分析

Analysis of Massive Open Online Courses Initiatives

大规模开放在线课程(MOOCs)是近年来出现的一种网络学习新现象。自2008 年出现以来,已经吸引了大量媒体的关注,并引起了许多高等教育机构和商业资本的极大兴趣。本文将MOOCs 放在开放教育、网上学习、高等教育全球化和预算紧缩这些更加宽广的背景中来分析MOOCs 现象,旨在帮助高等教育机构的决策者更好地理解MOOCs 现象以及高等教育更加开放的趋势。本文所采用的文献综述聚焦于更加广泛的MOOCs讨论,包括学者的博客、期刊杂志以及可以开放获取的研究报告和文章等。在文献综述基础上,我们概括了当前有关MOOCs 的一些争论,包括MOOCs 的可持续性发展、教学方法和质量以及考核和学分方面的问题。

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), a relatively recent online learning phenomenon having developed from the first examples five years ago, generate considerable media attention and significant interest from higher education institutions and venture capitalists who see a business opportunity to be exploited. This paper set out to help decision makers in higher education institutions gain a better understanding of the phenomenon of MOOCs and trends towards greater openness in higher education. The phenomena of MOOCs were described, from a wider context of open education, online learning, higher education globalisation and constrained budgets. This paper reviewed the extensive reporting of MOOCs through scholarly blogs, press releases as well as openly available reports and research papers.This paper concluded current debates about MOOCs, including sustainable development of MOOCs, instructional pedagogy and quality, evaluation and credit related issues.